منابع مشابه
Checks and Balances in Neuromodulation
Neuromodulators such as monoamines and peptides play important roles in activating and reconfiguring neural networks to allow behavioral flexibility. While the net effects of a neuromodulator change the network in a particular direction, careful studies of modulatory effects reveal multiple cases where a neuromodulator will activate functionally opposing mechanisms on a single neuron or synapse...
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betrayal of the innocents, " announced the Daily Mail. The outrage expressed in Britain's newspapers on 31 January, amplified further through radio and television, lasted several days. It was triggered by the publication of findings from an inquiry into the retention of organs after necropsy at the Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital, Alder Hey. The report concluded that over 2,000 organs had b...
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Age-associated changes in the immune system including alterations in surface protein expression are thought to contribute to an increased susceptibility for autoimmune diseases. The balance between the expression of coinhibitory and costimulatory surface protein molecules, also known as immune checkpoint molecules, is crucial in fine-tuning the immune response and preventing autoimmunity. The a...
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The RNA-binding iron regulatory proteins IRP1 and IRP2 are inactivated by either Fe-S cluster insertion or protein degradation mediated by the E3 ligase component FBXL5. However, the mechanisms for coordination between Fe-S cluster assembly, FBXL5, and IRP1/IRP2 activity are poorly defined. A new study reveals that FBXL5 plays a critical role in limiting IRP1 and IRP2 overaccumulation when cyto...
متن کاملPolarized platforms and moderate policies with checks and balances
In standard spatial models of elections, parties with policy preferences take divergent positions. Their platform positions are less separated than are the parties’ ideal policies. If policy is the result of an executive–legislative compromise, the policy preferences of the parties can be moderated by voter behavior. Divided government may result. Since parties anticipate the moderated outcomes...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Constitutional Political Economy
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1043-4062,1572-9966
DOI: 10.1007/s10602-008-9071-3